Graphical comparison of bladder augmentation surgery using either ileum (top) or a cell-seeded, biodegradable scaffold (bottom). MSCs and HSPCs represent different types of stem cells found in the ...

Can growing blood vessels within a lab-engineered graft improve bladder reconstruction for children? For more than two ...

Doctors consider surgery for interstitial cystitis (IC) as a last resort when other treatments, such as diet changes, medications, bladder instillations, and physical therapy, have failed to bring ...