Several microcontroller applications utilize a digital-to-analog converter. Though many of these applications require a complex DAC, some may only need a simple single-channel DAC. Because most MCUs ...

This application note reviews a circuit technique that is used to create an analog signal output using Pulse Width Modulation (PWM). The paper explains the theory and provides some circuit examples.

This article describes a simple technique for using a processors PWM output to produce an analog control voltage that matches the load’s input range, thus maximizing control resolution. Most ...

A great many industrial sensors — flow, level, temperature, pressure, pH, and the list goes on — produce a 4-20 mA output, but today's factories increasingly need digital inputs via standard field ...

What is pulse width modulation? Pulse width modulation (PWM) is a powerful digital technique for controlling analog circuits with a microprocessor’s digital outputs. PWM is employed in a wide variety ...

Sometimes you need to generate a pulse-width-modulation (PWM) signal for your circuit to simulate a certain behavior. The technique described here generates a simple programmable PWM signal for less ...