Every telecom system is bursting with information about subscribers, services and devices—not to mention the telco's network equipment and operational status. This data is both sensitive and necessary ...

Generalized Multi-protocol Label Switching extends net intelligence from the network edge through the core and back to the edge under a unified control plane. Carriers are seeking to gain efficiencies ...

What is a network protocol? Most textbook writers state something like this: A network protocol is a set of guidelines or standards for the operation of network devices, the methods of operation, and ...

Cybersecurity is not one thing but a layering of security tools and processes to protect your data. The two most common layers people think of are the firewall and antivirus solutions. A firewall is ...

Layers 7 through 4 are geared more to the application than the lower layers, which are designed to move packets from one place to another no matter what they contain. This top layer defines the ...

According to the OSI Model, the session layer is where connections are established, managed, and torn down. For connection-oriented network protocols, understanding how the session layer works, and ...