Protons are far from simple particles — they are swirling cauldrons of quarks, gluons, and quantum entanglement. Scientists ...

Researchers have been working for decades to understand the details of where the proton gets its intrinsic angular momentum, ...

In recent years, there have been attempts to describe the inside of a proton using quantum information tools, with partial ...

Scientists have peered inside protons and discovered that quarks and gluons, their fundamental building blocks, experience quantum entanglement. Entangled particles are connected to each other ...

Nuclear and particle physics are fundamentally puzzled by the distribution of mass in protons. The three valence quarks that make up a proton's core contribute very little to the proton's mass.

Figure 1: Production of single top quarks in proton–antiproton collisions. a , A single top quark ( t ) can be created in the collision of a W boson and a bottom quark ( b ).

Scientists believe such a substance of free quarks and gluons, the building blocks of protons and neutrons, permeated the universe a fraction of a second after the Big Bang. RHIC's energetic ...

Researchers have discovered that superconducting nanowire photon detectors (SNSPDs), originally designed for detecting photons, can also accurately detect high-energy protons. This unexpected finding ...

T he atomic nucleus is made up of protons and neutrons, particles that exist through the interaction of quarks bonded by gluons. It would seem, therefore, that it should not be difficult to ...